Per chi cerca, avendo già riempito l’album di figurine, un’altra sfida
collezionistica per il prossimo mese, i Mondiali del Brasile offrono un’ottima
occasione. Sfrutta l’esplosione di articoli sul calcio raccogliendo esempi in
inglese per ognuna delle situazioni elencate qui sotto. Consiglio soprattutto i
seguenti siti: http://www.theguardian.com/football/world-cup-2014 e http://www.bbc.com/sport/football/world-cup/2014 .
Simple Present
The World Cup takes place every four years. (azioni ripetute)
I usually watch the matches at my brother’s place. (abitudini)
Lionel Messi is Argentinian. (stati permanenti)
The competition begins on 12th June. (futuro calendario)
England play Italy at 6.pm local time. (futuro orario ufficiale)
Present Continuous
Costa Rica are winning three nil. (in questo momento)
Ronaldo isn’t performing well in this tournament. (in questo periodo)
Brazil are playing Croatia in the opening game. (futuro programmato)
Future (will/shall/’ll)
I reckon Spain will win again. (previsione)
Maybe Italy won’t make it past the group stage. (incertezza)
My sister won’t go to football matches. (rifiuto)
I’ll swap your Kevin Mirallas sticker for my David
Silva. (offerta)
Okay, darling, I’ll come straight home after the final
whistle. (promessa)
Apologise to your mother or you will not be allowed to watch the match.
(minaccia)
Shall we get together for the semi-final? (proposta)
Will you get up off your knees and stop praying? (richiesta)
– “I can’t watch any more!” –
“I’ll turn off the TV for you.” (decisione
spontanea)
Future (be going to + infinitive)
The humidity in Manaus is going to be a big problem. (futuro già distinguibile)
I’m going to have a bet on England not winning. (intenzione)
Simple Past
Sweden reached the final in 1958. (azione finita, momento passato
precisato)
When did Italy last beat Spain? (domanda su quando è avvenuta un’azione passata)
Where did you watch the match? (entrambi gli interlocutori sanno di
quando si parla)
Roberto Baggio played for Italy 56 times. (azioni passate che non possono essere o non
saranno ripetute in futuro)
Present Perfect Simple
Wayne Rooney has played for England 89 times. (azioni passate che possono essere
ripetute in futuro; non si precisa il momento dell’azione)
Van der Vaart has injured his calf. (conseguenza nel presente: adesso non può giocare)
He has played every match this year. (azione finita, momento precisato non finito)
Hodgson has been manager of England since 2012. (azione finita – con ‘How long…?’, ‘for’ o ‘since’)
Present Perfect Continuous
I have been collecting stickers for my World Cup 2014 album. (attività recente, forse finita, forse
non finita)
My brother has been going to football matches since he was 14. (attività non finita – con ‘How
long…?’, ‘for’ o ‘since’)
Conditionals
If Italy don’t beat Costa Rica, Prandelli won’t be
happy. (reale possibilità)
If England won the tournament, I would be amazed. (ipotesi più remota)
If he had scored that penalty, we would have won. (ormai impossibile)
